HEALTH The A to Zinc of winter wellness

The A to Zinc of winter wellness


Ask the pharmacist
Karen Jordan

With cold and flu season looming, it’s time to start thinking about strengthening our bodies’ defences. The common cold, most often caused by rhinovirus, occurs all year round, but there is an increased incidence during autumn and winter months. It has been estimated that adults suffer between two and five colds per year, while children may suffer seven to ten. What can you do to protect yourself?
When it comes to antibiotics, keep in mind is that common colds and influenza are caused by viruses. Antibiotics will therefore only be useful if you have developed a secondary bacterial infection – they will not treat the cold or flu virus. In most cases, these viruses can be managed with over-the-counter remedies from your local pharmacy.
Certain probiotics (good bacteria) in the gut influence the development of aspects of the immune system. Probiotics, such as Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium have been shown to reduce the duration and severity of symptoms of the common cold.
There is strong evidence that Manuka honey stimulates and supports the health of the human immune system, potentially helping to prevent infections, including sore throats and the common cold. UMF or ‘Unique Manuka Factor’, which often appears on Manuka honey products, tells you the antibacterial rating of the product. Since Manuka honey’s antibacterial nature comes from many factors, the UMF rating considers all of these and gives you a final rating. Speak to a pharmacist to find out which type of honey is the most suitable for you.
A powerful antioxidant, vitamin C is important for the absorption of iron. Studies have shown that preventative supplementation of vitamin C can reduce the duration of upper respiratory-tract infections in adults and children. Many formulations are available, including tablet or effervescent forms, often combined with zinc.
Zinc is an essential mineral required by our bodies to maintain cellular reactions and immunity. It plays a role in activating the cells of our immune system to fight infection. A Cochrane Review, which is based on the compilation of lots of clinical-trial results, concluded that zinc helps to reduce the duration and severity of the common cold in healthy people when taken within 24 hours of the onset of symptoms.
Echinacea has been shown to increase the number and activity of immune cells. It also has a mild antibiotic action. Echinacea can be taken in tincture, tablet or lozenge form to reduce the overall duration and severity of a cold.
Before starting any dietary supplement, please speak to your pharmacist about choosing the most suitable preparation for your individual needs.
Remember too that lifestyle factors, such as unhealthy eating patterns, smoking and not getting enough sleep, can all weaken the immune system and leave you more susceptible to catching a sniffle. The HSE’s top tips for staying well this winter are to eat well, keep warm and keep active.

Karen Jordan is a pharmacist in Lally’s LloydsPharmacy, Mill Street, Westport.